Strategic competitors use a variety of licit and illicit methods to acquire U.S. biological data. Extraction methods include: research partnerships, investments, mergers, acquisitions, cyber intrusions, and combinations of these tactics. Additionally, U.S. biological data is willingly provided to firms owned by strategic competitors through fee-for-service arrangements such as those for genetic sequencing and analytics. This paper describes a repeatable IDA-developed methodology for assessing the national security risk posed by the acquisition of U.S. biological datasets by strategic competitors. It demonstrates use of the methodology via an illustrative case study of China’s use of privately held bioprocessing data to develop genetically engineered disease-resistant pigs.