This paper draws upon the experiences, challenges and observations from IDA’s work on behalf of the United States Government (USG) in Colombia, Taiwan and Indonesia. From these experiences, we derive general insights, ideas and approaches on how to assist foreign defense institutions to develop joint concepts and doctrine. In turn, joint concept and doctrine development promote development of a joint culture within defense institutions. We find a joint culture – or jointness – is important for implementing a more effective and efficient force development process. Jointness also lends itself to better employment of the current force.